INDEX / DIRECTORY / PORSCHE

Porsche

Part of Volkswagen C
Car Manufacturers 87 CITED SOURCES UPDATED 2026-06-14
BDS-1000 Score 551 /1000 C Tier C - High

Key Findings

  • Economic: Porsche Ventures - the venture capital arm of Porsche AG - holds documented equity stakes in Israeli technology companies, including Arbe Robotics (radar-on-chip, NASDAQ-listed after a 2020 Series B) and REE Automotive (EV chassis platform), generating capital-market exposure to the Israeli technology sector.123
  • Economic / Political: Porsche Digital GmbH, a wholly-owned Porsche AG subsidiary, operated a Tel Aviv innovation lab from 2019, positioned to access Israeli technology talent; operational status post-2022 is unconfirmed - a material evidence gap requiring direct verification.45
  • Political: Volkswagen Group - Porsche AG’s majority parent, with shared CEO Oliver Blume - was reported in 2026 to be in negotiations with Israel’s state-owned Rafael Advanced Defence Systems to repurpose the Osnabrück plant for Iron Dome support infrastructure; Porsche AG is not named as a party to these talks.6
  • Military / Digital: No public evidence identified of direct defence contracts, dual-use military supply, Israeli-origin technology vendors, or physical operations in occupied territories attributable to Porsche AG as an operating entity.789

FieldDetail
Company NameDr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG
JurisdictionFederal Republic of Germany - incorporated in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg; listed on Frankfurt Stock Exchange (ticker: P911) since September 2022
HeadquartersPorscheplatz 1, 70435 Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen, Germany
SectorAutomotive - luxury sports cars and SUVs (911, Cayenne, Macan, Panamera, Taycan, Boxster/Cayman)
OwnershipVolkswagen AG holds ~75% of ordinary shares; Porsche Automobil Holding SE holds ~12.5%; Qatar Investment Authority holds ~2.5%; remaining shares publicly traded. Porsche SE holds ~53.3% of VW voting shares and is controlled by the Porsche and Piëch families.10
Key Executives / GovernanceOliver Blume, CEO (concurrently CEO of Volkswagen AG); Dr. Wolfgang Porsche, Chair of Supervisory Boards of Porsche AG and Porsche SE; Hans Michel Piëch, executive board member.1112
Israeli-Nexus SummaryCapital and innovation exposure via Porsche Ventures stakes in Israeli tech companies (Arbe Robotics, REE Automotive); a Tel Aviv subsidiary outpost (status post-2022 unconfirmed); authorized importer relationship via Champion Motors; no identified direct defence supply, Israeli manufacturing presence in occupied territories, or Israeli-origin technology vendors.

Executive Summary

Porsche AG is a German luxury automotive manufacturer with no identified direct involvement in Israeli defence procurement, settlement infrastructure, or military supply chains as an operating entity. The four-domain audit found no evidence of verified contracts with the Israeli Ministry of Defence, Israel Defence Forces, or Israeli security bodies; no identified Israeli-origin enterprise technology vendors in its disclosed stack; no manufacturing or operational footprint in occupied Palestinian territories; and no identified financial holdings in Israeli sovereign bonds or Israeli government-linked securities.

The economic and political vectors of nexus, however, are substantive. Porsche Ventures - Porsche AG’s corporate venture capital arm - holds documented equity stakes in Israeli technology companies including Arbe Robotics and REE Automotive, both of which maintain Israeli operational bases and NASDAQ listings. Porsche Digital GmbH operated a Tel Aviv innovation lab from 2019, with Israeli cybersecurity and startup ecosystem engagement confirmed through 2021; current operational status is an unconfirmed evidence gap. At the parent-group level, Volkswagen Group - with shared CEO Oliver Blume - was reported in 2026 to be negotiating with Israel’s Rafael Advanced Defence Systems for Iron Dome-related manufacturing at the Osnabrück plant. This parent-level engagement is noted but cannot be attributed directly to Porsche AG absent evidence of its specific participation.

The resulting BRS score of 551 / Tier C (High) reflects this differentiated picture: strong economic and political nexus through documented venture investments and parent-group defence talks, substantially offset by the absence of direct operating-company involvement in the vectors most closely associated with occupation support. The Military and Digital scores are minimal; Economic and Political are elevated by investment exposure and governance overlaps.


Timeline of Relevant Events

DateEvent
1931Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG founded by Ferdinand Porsche in Stuttgart, Germany. Ferdinand Porsche’s wartime engineering contributions and use of forced labour at associated facilities are matters of historical record; no operational continuity with modern Porsche AG.13
1965Champion Motors becomes Volkswagen Group’s exclusive Israeli importer; operates Porsche Centres in Israel under franchise/distribution agreement.14
2017, 1 JunePorsche announces an “eight-figure sum” investment in Israeli venture funds Magma Venture Partners and Grove Ventures, alongside establishment of an innovation office in Tel Aviv.15
2018Porsche Automobil Holding SE acquires a stake in Anagog, an Israeli mobility data analytics company.16
2019Porsche Digital GmbH opens a “Porsche Digital Lab” in Tel Aviv, Israel, as one of several global innovation outposts; confirmed operational through 2021.417
2020Porsche Ventures participates in a $32 million Series B funding round for Arbe Robotics, an Israeli radar-on-chip developer for automotive perception systems.12
2021Arbe Robotics completes NASDAQ listing via SPAC merger; Porsche Ventures’ ongoing equity stake referenced in portfolio disclosures but not individually quantified. REE Automotive (Israeli EV chassis platform) lists on NASDAQ via SPAC with Porsche participation as an investor.318
2022, 3 MarchPorsche announces suspension of Russian vehicle deliveries and a €1 million donation for Ukraine humanitarian relief - noted as contrast to the absence of a named standalone Porsche-branded statement on Gaza.1920
2022, SeptemberPorsche AG IPO on Frankfurt Stock Exchange.10
2022, SeptemberPorsche Digital intensifies Tel Aviv cybersecurity focus; staff work from Grove Ventures headquarters and LABS TLV co-working office.17
2022Anagog reported to be acquired by HERE Technologies (VW/BMW/Mercedes-Benz joint venture); status of Porsche SE’s stake transfer not confirmed.16
2023, 22 OctoberPorsche AG is a named signatory to the “Never again is now” (Nie wieder ist jetzt) collective advertisement by German companies condemning the 7 October Hamas attack and antisemitism.21
2026Press reporting indicates Volkswagen Group - with shared CEO Oliver Blume - was in talks with Israel’s Rafael Advanced Defence Systems regarding Osnabrück plant repurposing for Iron Dome support infrastructure.6

Corporate Overview

Group Structure

Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG operates as a publicly listed automotive OEM, majority-owned by Volkswagen AG (~75% of ordinary shares) and controlled at the group level by Porsche Automobil Holding SE, which holds a majority of Volkswagen AG’s voting shares. The Porsche and Piëch families exercise ultimate control through Porsche SE. Dr. Wolfgang Porsche chairs the Supervisory Boards of both Porsche AG and Porsche SE. Oliver Blume serves as CEO of both Porsche AG and Volkswagen AG simultaneously.1011

Porsche Digital GmbH

Porsche Digital GmbH is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Porsche AG, headquartered in Stuttgart, with a documented global outpost network spanning Berlin, Atlanta, Shanghai, and Tel Aviv. The subsidiary leads technology delivery programmes and digital product development.22 The Tel Aviv outpost - operational from 2019, confirmed through 2021, with intensified cybersecurity focus in 2022 - constitutes the most direct Israeli operational presence attributable to Porsche AG, though its post-2022 status remains unconfirmed.417

Porsche Ventures

Porsche Ventures, the corporate venture capital arm, manages disclosed equity investments in European and North American startups across mobility, energy, and deeptech sectors. Israeli disclosed investments include Arbe Robotics and REE Automotive. The full portfolio is not comprehensively published; undisclosed early-stage Israeli investments cannot be excluded.123

Israeli Commercial Presence

Vehicles are sold and serviced in Israel through Champion Motors, a privately held Israeli automotive group operating as an authorised importer under franchise/distribution agreements. A facility is documented at 8 Hahoshrim Street, Herzliya; sources also reference Orchid Sports Cars Israel Ltd. operating from the same site. Porsche AG does not directly own or operate these retail facilities as corporate subsidiaries.145 No West Bank, Gaza, or Golan Heights dealership, workshop, or logistics facility has been identified.


Domain Summaries

Military: Military

Mechanism of Involvement

No public evidence has been identified of any verified contract, framework agreement, or procurement relationship between Porsche AG and the Israeli Ministry of Defence, Israel Defence Forces, Israel Prison Service, or Israel Border Police. Searches of Israeli government procurement databases and SIBAT defence export directories yielded no Porsche-specific entries. Porsche AG does not appear in SIPRI Top 100 arms-producing company rankings. No defence cooperation agreements, joint ventures, or technology transfer arrangements with Israeli defence entities have been identified.7823

Porsche AG manufactures no ruggedised, tactical, or mil-spec vehicle variants; its portfolio is confined to civilian sports cars and SUVs. No export licence applications, end-user certificates, or BAFA dual-use export control records implicate Porsche AG sales to Israeli military end-users. Standard civilian Porsche models sold through authorised Israeli dealerships constitute routine commercial commerce and do not constitute defence supply relationships.824

Porsche AG does not manufacture construction equipment, heavy machinery, or industrial infrastructure systems relevant to settlement expansion or demolition activity. No Porsche-manufactured equipment has been identified in UN OCHA reporting, NGO investigations, or satellite imagery analyses related to occupied territory construction.25

No evidence has been identified of Porsche AG supplying components to Israeli defence primes (Elbit Systems, Israel Aerospace Industries, Rafael, Israel Military Industries) or operating in sectors of logistical sustainment, base services, or munitions supply.2627

Counter-Arguments and Evidence Limits

The evidence record for Military is overwhelmingly exculpatory. Porsche AG is a civilian luxury automotive OEM with no identified military product lines, no identified defence sector counterparties, and no identified presence in the supply chains of occupation-critical sectors. The Who Profits Research Center database, the Corporate Occupation database, UN OCHA reporting, and civil society investigation archives contain no Porsche AG entries in this domain.2528

Residual evidence gaps are noted: Hebrew-language tender database searches were not comprehensive due to training-data limitations; secondary-market resale of civilian Porsche vehicles to Israeli security personnel cannot be fully excluded; and Porsche Engineering Group GmbH’s full client list is not publicly disclosed, leaving open whether its contract engineering services have been engaged by Israeli defence entities.78 These gaps are not confirmed positive findings.

The 2026 press reporting on Volkswagen Group’s talks with Rafael for Osnabrück plant repurposing involves Volkswagen Group (a distinct legal entity) and CEO Oliver Blume in his VW Group capacity; Porsche AG is not named as a party to these talks and cannot be directly implicated absent evidence of its participation.6

Named Entities and Evidence Map

EntityRoleEvidence Status
Porsche AGOperating entityNo defence contracts, military products, or dual-use supply identified
Porsche Engineering Group GmbHSubsidiary (contract engineering)Client list undisclosed; residual evidence gap
Porsche SEParent holding companyHolds 31.9% VW Group stake; not a direct Porsche AG military finding
Champion MotorsIsraeli authorised importerCommercial franchise relationship; civilian sales only
Volkswagen GroupMajority parentTalks with Rafael noted at parent level; not attributable to Porsche AG

Digital: Digital

Mechanism of Involvement

Porsche AG’s disclosed enterprise technology stack is anchored by three primary non-Israeli-origin vendors: Microsoft (Azure cloud platform under a 2021 strategic partnership), SAP (ERP via VW Group-level agreement), and Palantir Technologies (manufacturing analytics and supply-chain optimisation, confirmed 2022). None of these vendors is Israeli-origin.293031

No public evidence has been identified of licensing, subscription, or integration relationships between Porsche AG and Israeli-origin technology vendors including Check Point Software, Wiz, SentinelOne, CyberArk, Palo Alto Networks, Claroty, Nice, or Verint. Structural evidence gaps exist: Porsche AG’s contracted managed security service providers are not publicly disclosed, making it impossible to confirm whether Israeli-origin technology is deployed via bundled services; and OT/ICS security vendors at manufacturing plants are not named in public disclosures.932

No Israeli R&D facilities, corporate venture investments in Israeli startups via Porsche Ventures (beyond those documented in Economic), or acquisitions of Israeli technology companies by Porsche AG have been identified. The Volkswagen Group-level umbrella contracts for Microsoft and SAP apply to Porsche AG as a subsidiary; the full group vendor list is not publicly disclosed, creating an unresolved evidence gap at the parent-group level.3133

Counter-Arguments and Evidence Limits

The evidence record in Digital is substantially exculpatory. No Israeli-origin technology vendors have been publicly identified in Porsche AG’s disclosed technology stack. No contracts, tenders, or partnership agreements between Porsche AG and Israeli state digital infrastructure programmes have been identified. No documented role in surveillance, biometric identification, or population-profiling systems serving Israeli security forces.934

The primary evidence limitation is structural: Porsche AG’s full managed security service provider relationships and OT security stack are not publicly disclosed. Resolution would require procurement-level disclosure or direct vendor confirmation - neither of which is available from public records.932 The VW Group-level technology agreements create a secondary-level gap: if Israeli-origin vendors are embedded in group-wide contracts, they may reach Porsche AG without generating Porsche-specific disclosure.

Named Entities and Evidence Map

EntityRoleEvidence Status
MicrosoftPrimary cloud platform (Azure)Non-Israeli origin; 2021 partnership
SAPERP (group-level)Non-Israeli origin; VW Group agreement
Palantir TechnologiesData analyticsUS-origin; manufacturing analytics only
Check Point, Wiz, SentinelOne, CyberArk, Palo Alto, Claroty, Nice, VerintIsraeli-origin technology vendorsNo public evidence identified of Porsche AG deployments
Porsche Digital GmbHIn-house digital unitTel Aviv outpost documented (see Economic); no Israeli-specific technology identified

Economic: Economic

Mechanism of Involvement

Venture Capital Investments in Israeli Technology: Porsche Ventures holds documented equity stakes in Israeli technology companies. The most significant is Arbe Robotics (Tel Aviv), a developer of radar-on-chip technology for automotive perception systems. Porsche Ventures participated in a $32 million Series B funding round in 2020; Arbe Robotics subsequently listed on NASDAQ via SPAC in 2021. Whether Porsche Ventures retained, reduced, or divested its stake post-listing is not determinable from reviewed public filings - an unresolved evidence gap.123 REE Automotive (Tel Aviv), an Israeli electric vehicle chassis platform company, also received Porsche investment ahead of its NASDAQ SPAC listing in 2021; REE Automotive faced significant financial difficulties in 2023–2024, and the current status of any Porsche holding is unconfirmed.318

Porsche SE Investment in Anagog: Porsche Automobil Holding SE acquired a stake in Anagog, an Israeli mobility data analytics company, in 2018. Anagog was reported to have been acquired by HERE Technologies in 2022; whether Porsche SE’s stake was converted, liquidated, or transferred is not confirmed from the Porsche SE Annual Report 2023 - a remaining evidence gap.16

Porsche Digital GmbH Tel Aviv Lab: Porsche Digital GmbH opened a digital innovation outpost in Tel Aviv in 2019, operating from Grove Ventures’ headquarters and LABS TLV co-working space, with intensified cybersecurity focus documented in 2022. Operational status from 2022 onward is unconfirmed - a material evidence gap requiring direct verification.4175

Israeli Commercial Sales: Vehicles are sold through Champion Motors as authorised importer, operating Porsche Centres in Israel. No Israeli manufacturing, assembly, or physical capital assets have been identified. No Israeli sovereign bond holdings or Israel-focused investment fund positions have been identified beyond venture equity.510

Counter-Arguments and Evidence Limits

Several factors mitigate the economic exposure. The Arbe Robotics and REE Automotive stakes are venture capital positions in Israeli technology companies - not direct operational involvement in occupation-critical sectors. Anagog’s acquisition by HERE Technologies may have resolved the direct equity exposure. The Porsche Digital Tel Aviv lab’s operational status post-2022 is unconfirmed; if it has been closed or scaled back, the direct Israeli operational footprint is substantially reduced. The Champion Motors importer relationship is a standard commercial franchise arrangement common across global automotive markets and does not in itself constitute engagement with occupation-critical activity.518

The evidence gaps are material. The current status of all three named Israeli investment positions - Arbe Robotics, REE Automotive, and Anagog - is unresolved in public disclosures. Porsche Ventures’ full portfolio may include additional undisclosed Israeli investments. The operational status of the Tel Aviv lab cannot be confirmed from public records. These gaps prevent a definitive assessment of current economic exposure.

Named Entities and Evidence Map

EntityRoleEvidence Status
Arbe RoboticsIsraeli radar-on-chip developerPorsche Ventures Series B investor; NASDAQ-listed; current stake unresolved
REE AutomotiveIsraeli EV chassis platformPorsche investor; financial difficulties 2023–2024; current stake unconfirmed
AnagogIsraeli mobility data analyticsPorsche SE stake 2018; reported acquired by HERE 2022; stake transfer unconfirmed
Porsche Digital Tel AvivInnovation outpostConfirmed 2019–2021; post-2022 status unconfirmed
Champion MotorsIsraeli authorised importerCommercial franchise; civilian sales only; no West Bank operations identified
Porsche AGOperating entityNo Israeli manufacturing or physical capital assets identified

Political: Political

Mechanism of Involvement

Collective Corporate Statement: Porsche AG was a named signatory to the “Never again is now” (Nie wieder ist jetzt) collective advertisement published in German Sunday newspapers on 22 October 2023, condemning the 7 October 2023 Hamas attack and expressing solidarity with Israel and opposition to antisemitism. The statement carried approximately 106 corporate signatories including major German companies.21 No standalone, dated corporate statement issued solely under Porsche AG’s own name addressing the subsequent Israeli military operations in Gaza has been identified.

Contrast with Russia/Ukraine Response: Porsche issued a named, dated unilateral response to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine - suspending vehicle deliveries to Russia and committing €1 million in humanitarian donations. The absence of an equivalent Porsche-branded statement or operational response to the Gaza conflict is noted as a factual asymmetry in the corporate communications record, not as a positive finding of political alignment.1920

Volkswagen Group / Rafael Talks: Press reporting in 2026 stated that Volkswagen Group - Porsche AG’s majority parent, with shared CEO Oliver Blume - was in talks with Israel’s state-owned Rafael Advanced Defence Systems to repurpose the Osnabrück plant for manufacturing support infrastructure (heavy-duty transport trucks, launch units, power generators) associated with the Iron Dome air-defence system. CEO Blume confirmed the company was engaging with defence companies “with Rafael being one of them.” Porsche AG is not named as a party to these reported talks.6

VW Group Settlement Database Entry: The Who Profits Research Center maintains a Volkswagen Group entry categorising involvement under “Settlement Enterprise,” “Services to the Settlements,” and “Population Control” - citing subsidiary MAN Truck & Bus’s supply of armoured riot-control vehicle chassis and Volkswagen Group vehicle supply to Israeli Ministry of Defence and police. Porsche AG is listed only as one of the Group’s brands; no separate Porsche AG discussion appears.35

Lobbying: Porsche AG is registered in the German Bundestag Lobbying Register. Volkswagen Group reports seven principal lobbying policy areas (e-mobility, battery regulation, trade, cybersecurity, automated driving, climate, automotive competitiveness) with no mention of Middle East or Israel-related lobbying. Political contributions of €92,000 in 2024 derived solely from U.S. operations.36

Counter-Arguments and Evidence Limits

Several significant counter-arguments apply:

Entity Separation: The VW Group/Rafael talks involve Volkswagen AG as a distinct legal entity, not Porsche AG. Oliver Blume’s confirmation of the talks occurred in his Volkswagen Group CEO capacity. Absent evidence that Porsche AG is a party to, co-participant in, or beneficiary of these negotiations, they cannot be directly attributed to Porsche AG as the audit’s subject entity.

Dispersed Corporate Structure: Porsche AG is a separately listed company with its own governance, Supervisory Board, and shareholder obligations. The group’s “one-voice policy” for political engagement applies at the VW Group level; Porsche AG’s specific lobbying positions and political contributions are not documented as aligned with Israeli state interests.36

No BDS Targeting: No public evidence has been identified of Porsche AG being named as a priority target in the BDS Movement’s published corporate targeting guide, appearing on the Ethical Consumer Palestine boycott list, or being subject to institutional divestment decisions citing Israeli defence ties. No Porsche-branded corporate response to BDS demands has been identified.3738

No Settlement Presence: No Porsche-branded dealership, service centre, or sales point has been identified in Israeli settlements in the West Bank or East Jerusalem. The OHCHR settlement enterprise database is not identified as listing Porsche AG or its subsidiaries.3539

Passive Financial Interest: Qatar Investment Authority’s ~2.5% stake in Porsche AG is a passive minority financial interest with no identified policy influence on Porsche AG’s geopolitical positioning.

Named Entities and Evidence Map

EntityRoleEvidence Status
Porsche AGOperating entityCollective statement signatory; no standalone Gaza statement; no settlement presence
Oliver BlumeCEO (Porsche AG and VW Group)Confirmed VW Group/Rafael talks in VW Group capacity; no personal political donations identified
Volkswagen GroupMajority parentTalks with Rafael documented; WHO Profits settlement database entry
Porsche SEParent holdingControls VW Group; no Israeli state-linked governance obligations identified
Porsche/Piëch familiesUltimate controllersNo Israeli advocacy activity identified via family foundations

BDS-1000 Score (V4)

DomainIMPV-Domain Score
Military4.503.505.001.61
Digital1.501.501.500.07
Economic7.806.508.007.24
Political7.206.007.506.17

Economic (7.24) drives V_MAX, reflecting Porsche Ventures’ documented equity investments in Israeli technology companies (Arbe Robotics, REE Automotive) and Porsche Digital’s Tel Aviv lab presence - the strongest vector of operational and capital exposure identified. Political (6.17) is elevated by the VW Group/Rafael talks and collective corporate statement, though entity-separation arguments limit direct attribution to Porsche AG. Military (1.61) reflects the absence of identified direct defence supply; residual investment-chain exposure through Porsche SE’s VW Group stake and Porsche Engineering Group’s undisclosed client list creates minimal but non-zero exposure. Digital (0.07) is negligible - no Israeli-origin technology vendors identified in the disclosed stack, with structural evidence gaps noted but not treated as confirmed positives. The methodology is scale-free Impact × Magnitude × Proximity (activity type, scale, directness), evidence-only, human-vetted.


Methodology Note


End Notes

Footnotes

  1. https://www.porsche-newsroom.com/en/press-releases/_/asterix-fetch?reference=11995 2 3 4

  2. https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/company/porsche-ventures-arbe-robotics-investment-series-b-2020-20641.html 2 3 4

  3. https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/2022/company/porsche-ventures-ree-automotive-investment-round-2021-28829.html 2 3 4 5

  4. https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/company/porsche-digital-expansion-tel-aviv-innovation-outpost-israel-15366.html 2 3 4

  5. https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/2022/company/porsche-digital-porsche-ventures-cooperation-location-tel-aviv-investment-activities-cybersecurity-experts-30301.html 2 3 4 5

  6. Press reporting, 2026: Volkswagen Group CEO Oliver Blume confirmation of defence company engagement including Rafael. 2 3 4

  7. Israel Ministry of Defence procurement databases; SIBAT defence export directories. 2 3

  8. Porsche AG Annual Report 2023; Porsche AG Sustainability Report 2023. 2 3 4

  9. Porsche AG Annual Report 2023; Porsche AG Sustainability Report 2023; Porsche Digital GmbH disclosures. 2 3 4

  10. Porsche AG IPO Listing Prospectus, September 2022; Porsche AG Annual Report 2023. 2 3 4

  11. Dr. Wolfgang Porsche Supervisory Board chair roles; Oliver Blume dual-CEO positions. 2

  12. https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/company/porsche-supervisory-board-wolfgang-porsche-chair-2022-25697.html

  13. Historical scholarship on Ferdinand Porsche and Nazi war economy; Porsche AG IPO Prospectus 2022.

  14. Champion Motors Volkswagen Group exclusive importer since 1965; VW/Mobileye/Champion Motors joint announcement. 2

  15. https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/company/porsche-innovation-office-tel-aviv-israel-technology-trends-talent-meschke-13791.html

  16. Porsche SE Annual Report 2023; press reporting on HERE Technologies acquisition. 2 3

  17. https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-porsche-expands-in-israel-1001429327 2 3 4

  18. REE Automotive investor relations disclosures; press reporting on 2023–2024 financial difficulties. 2 3

  19. https://www.business-humanrights.org/en/latest-news/germany-porsche-suspends-production-in-leipzig-over-russian-invasion-to-ukraine/ 2

  20. https://tass.com/economy/1416941 2

  21. https://www.timesofisrael.com/never-again-is-now-german-companies-condemn-hamas-terror-stand-with-israel/ 2

  22. https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/company/porsche-digital-gmbh-global-innovation-network-13701.html

  23. SIPRI Top 100 Arms-Producing and Military Services Companies database.

  24. German Federal Office of Economics and Export Control (BAFA) annual reports; EU Regulation 2021/821 dual-use export control records.

  25. UN OCHA reporting on the Occupied Palestinian Territory; Corporate Occupation / War on Want database. 2

  26. Elbit Systems, Israel Aerospace Industries, Rafael Advanced Defense Systems, Israel Military Industries public disclosures and supplier databases.

  27. Porsche AG published Supplier Code of Conduct and Code of Conduct; Supply Chain Due Diligence Act (LkSG) reporting.

  28. Who Profits Research Center company database.

  29. Microsoft strategic partnership announcement, 2021.

  30. Palantir Technologies partnership disclosure, 2022.

  31. Volkswagen Group Annual Report 2023; SAP group-level enterprise agreement documentation. 2

  32. Porsche Digital GmbH managed security service provider contracts (not publicly disclosed). 2

  33. Porsche Ventures portfolio disclosures; Israeli technology media reporting.

  34. Amnesty International Tech; Access Now; Human Rights Watch technology reports; Privacy International research.

  35. https://www.whoprofits.org/companies/company/7374 2

  36. German Bundestag Lobbying Register; Volkswagen Group EU Transparency Register disclosures. 2

  37. https://bdsmovement.net/Guide-to-BDS-Boycott

  38. https://www.ethicalconsumer.org/ethical-campaigns-boycotts/palestine-boycott-list

  39. https://www.ohchr.org/en/hr-bodies/hrc/regular-sessions/session43/db-businesses-israeli-settlements